Jose Carlos studies the legal practices of people and organizations occupying land in the peripheries of Peruvian cities in the 19th and early 20th century. By looking at the experience of confraternities, housing associations and other forms of collective land holders he reconstructs a more complex history of territorial normativities in modern Peru and Latin America. Prior to entering the Ph.D. program, Jose Carlos graduated with a law degree from the Catholic University of Peru (2013) and a Master in Urban Planning from Harvard University (2019).